Friday, September 19, 2008
The Reality Of BN
The only way to see a more meaningful partnership is limiting the "shareholding" of UMNO by say 20-30% of the total partnership. Or, combining a "Veto" system like United Nation for the so-called "Permanent" members like MCA, MIC...Some sort of "Check & Balance" mechanism must be in place to reduce abuse, unfair, and undemocratic decisions.
The present Pakatan Rakyat (PR) ratio is perfect by accident that no one is dominant and mutual respect is practiced out of reality. DAP (35% at 28/80); PAS (28.75% at 23/80); PKR (38.75% at 31/80). Who knows what might be happening when one of them become dominant because of their performance in the future?
The current situation of other BN components are :-
MCA at 10.87% of the total BN seats (15/138); PBB, PRS, SUPP, SPDP of Sarawak at 21.74% of the total BN seats (30/138); and the rest from non-UMNO Sabah parties like PBS, LDP, PBRS, UPKO of a combined 6.52% (9/138); while MIC and Gerakan made up the remaining of 3.62% (5/138).
Therefore, even with all the component parties voting against the UMNO in a BN meeting, there’s no way to change the agenda of the “master” if it insists on going its way. It’s a universal standard throughout the world with the so-called “majority rule”. The only way to get out of the unfavorable decision is to get out of the grouping through resigning.
Friday, September 5, 2008
Are Malaysian Chinese Squatters or Citizens?
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This message was delivered to the BN on the background of Datuk Ahmad Ismail, the UMNO Penang Bukit Bendera Division head, who said during a ceramah in Permatang Pauh by-election on Aug 25 2008 that he was alleged to have said that the Chinese community were mere immigrants in the country and thus were not entitled to equal rights in Malaysia. In fact, prior to this announcement from Dr. Koh, Gerakan Wanita Chief had mentioned similar message and was shown displeasure from both PM & DPM respectively. It was however announced during the Permatang Pauh by-election on or before the 26-August-2008.
This is an unbecoming attitude of an UMNO head that disregards the feeling of the other fellow Malaysians and may have caused irreversible damages the fragile and delicate relationship between ethic groups in the country. Peoples are wondering if this is the general attitude of UMNO, from top to bottom. The act is considered irresponsible and arrogant and totally unacceptable. In view of this incident, BN component parties such as MCA, Gerakan are reconsidering their role in BN if UMNO is not handling the matter carefully to the satisfaction of their respective supporters and ethnic community.
Since 308 general elections, every ones in the BN group are expecting to do their own reform ahead of the major reformation that’s badly needed in the BN in order to stay in power. However, UMNO seems very much stuck with their own deeply-rooted “ideology” and controversial way of governance of the country that they may need more time than allowable to achieve the desired objectives. Their slowness seems too slow that some component parties are showing inpatient most notable one is SAPP from East Malaysia Sabah. The grouses if not addressed quickly may cause splits within the BN and eventually collapse.
The challenge from PR has been intensified in conjunction with the open-call for BN’s MPs to cross over to the PR. UMNO-led BN can not afford to wait any longer and must act swiftly than in the past to resolve all issues concerning the individual component parties, the alliance, and the government as a whole.
Harping on racial issues to rally for solidarity is no longer effective as the situation is entirely different than the old days. Chinese are mere squatters in Malaysia and has no rights to make claims as the other dominant race group is also outdated as they are all born and lived here for a few generations and it’s a rude and ignorant display of leader who the Chinese are “inherently” acknowledging as their leader to lead the country, even if they don’t quite agreed to deep down their heart.
Where do the Chinese go from here give the scenario?
UMNO Reform, Economy, and New Government
While everybody is working hard to revive the alliance to regain trusts and confidence from the rakyat; these spoiled kids (never grown-up) are ruin the efforts.
Look what happens with the Malaysian Ringgit, it's now RM3.5 to the One US Dollar, a decrease in value from RM3.1; probably you don't need to wait for the cross-over of 30 MPs and the battle is over. It's the collapse of our economy that "kills" the government. Beware!
Wednesday, September 3, 2008
Who influence who? The fate of BN-UMNO
MCA advised UMNO to use the Morale card to fend off the challenge of Anwar?
So, who told Dtk. Ong TK, the endorsed MCA candidate (for No. 1 post), to use the Morale card against immoral MCA leaders in the party upcoming election? The answer is not obvious really, however, it's widely believed that whoever did the sex CD in Johor is likely be the one who is rendering strong supports behind the challenger for the No. 1 post.
As long as these types of politicians still abound, nothing better will change for BN.
The priority for the country is to steer through the economic downturn and global challenges, and not the moral issues.
In fact, there are other more pressing matters apart from the economy issue, is to address immediately such as: drug abuse, poor health, illegal immigrant, kids abduction, street violence, robbery, mat rempit etc. The code of conduct suggested by Gerakan's Koh TK is good but you need good efforts to enforce it though, especially the general practice seems to go along the "apology via some body or 2nd hand apology" trend.
UMNO can and will change only after they've felled, else, they are definitely recalcitrant by default.
There's a Chinese saying that appropriately describing the scenario of UMNO: "One will not cry until one sees the coffin".
Tuesday, September 2, 2008
Thursday, August 21, 2008
Ong Tee Keat is a suicide bomber of Ong KT group?
Ong TK is only a suicide bomber serving the need of Ong KT & brother group. They used him to blast Chua SL to political death, then monopolies the scenario with all their men.
Ong TK was a neutral guy until the resignation of Chua in a CD sex scandal. He changed his "allegiance" very quickly and with the help of the Ong KT group, he rose quickly under the situation of fewer elected YBs, Ong KT give up post in the cabinet, and suitability of candidates for government posts. Ong KT chose not to be in cabinet as a gesture of apology for his failure in the general election.
His recent blast on Chua on morality had virtually ruined his quality as reputable political leaders in MCA. He’s known for his talent in acute writing skill who can put the enemy to sleep in no time. His “attacks” on Chua is aimed to pressure Chua to give up the race for the upcoming Presidency seat in
However, current MCA can not afford to be split in AB teams that some sort of negotiation may be attempted in September in order to conserve the strength of MCA. The road is tough with the emergence of Pakatan Rakyat. The support from the Chinese Community has been diminishing ever since the 12th general election with the community keep on losing confidence in the BN as a result of the numerous blunders committed by especially UMNO in its governance of the nation notably the oil price hike.
Comment on DNA Bill
Datuk Dr. Chua SL is right on the DNA Bill issue!
Why are MCA leaders not saying anything about the DNA Bill?
Either they are ignorant on the subject, or just simply too busy with the by-election in Permatang Pauh co-accusing without convincing proof on Anwar Ibrahim of sodomy. Your successor in the health ministry even "publicly" told his fellow MCA Central Delegates that Anwar had committed the sin/crime of which all matured party member are reluctant to accept the hearsay talk based on the dubious circumstances of the case. The accusation is publicly known to be suspiciously untrue.
The most important aspect of the DNA Bill lies with the integrity of the government body that safeguarding the DNA samples of the individual. The concern is that the DNA can be used to prove identity or trace of crime at the crime scene that if under abusive manipulation can unjustly put a person to jail or unfavourable judgment. Some sort of mechanism to prevent the possible abuse and loopholes must be addressed before the parliament endorsement. Once convicted, the convict would have difficulty to overturn the verdict. Government must do more education to public, including the PM who recently said that the DNA sample has expiry period, so that the topic is fully understood and the introduction of Bill will be publicly discussed and thus endorsed with complete consent.
Perhaps, this work should be done by United Nation for total impartiality and with all countries sharing the costs for keeping the samples and the data.
Saturday, August 16, 2008
The Untouchable
1) UMNO and PAS muzakarah for Malay and Muslim unity.
2) The intrusion in Bar Council’s forum on non-Muslim and problems associated with conversion by one of the spouses are real problem that we have to solve.
3) Tan Sri Khalid Ibrahim’s suggestion to open up 10% to non-bumi in UiTM causes uproar among bumi students.
What we have in this country is that the Malay and Muslim are already widely “accepted” or “spoiled” as "untouchable" and, they are considered as the supreme group that no body should dare to change/query that. The other races and religious groups had already accepted the “norm” however, if there were any problems such as those that you've just mentioned; where on earth should these groups turning to for justice and settlement?
The problem is that there seems to have no adequate or appropriate measures or mechanism to tackle these issues which have been happening frequently. By not talking about the issues, we have simply sweep it under the carpet and in time to come, another similar issue crops up and we are in crisis again.
On top of that, some political groups or politicians find the easy way to popularise themselves through crisis like those mentioned for a quick "gain" without concerning the negative effects of their wrong doing, for example, they may not care about the "side-effects" of these bumi or Muslim groups who think they are above the law, and international laws.
Worst, all these “crisis” were mostly deliberately “created” by these people in power. The situation is very much resemblance to parents stirring up untoward quarrels and fighting amongst the children.
It's no doubt that ethno-centric would still be the centre of politic in
A wise statesman would never ever divide its peoples just like family parents would not treat each of their children differently. The current "privileges" enjoying by these groups must be abolished in stages now if the country really wants to move forward to be competitive and relevant in the world. The current benefiting groups must be persuaded and convinced to accept this reality and be brave enough to accept the challenges ahead. The transformation will be a "revolution" worth the risk for the present and future generation alike.
Thursday, August 14, 2008
The Culprit Behind Demonstration on UiTM to open 10% to non-bumi
It shows their ignorent and inner fear of being left out by their act of no confidence in themselves. The government authority & their leaders have been telling them they are not ready to open up the so-called monopoly in UiTM that it was built just for them exclusively years ago, with public money. After 50 years of independence (Semenanjung only), the non-bumis questioning why the surplus in the institution could not be used to accept any non-bumi students who has problems to get a place of higher learning in the country. The call by Tan Sri Khalid of the PKR is considered very generous and understanding of him to appeal for the waive of restriction by initially offering 10% enrolment only and it aroused huge negative response from the bumi group led by the student of UiTM. The students were actually used by certain group to protest on behalf of some politicians. I thought the University Act forbidding these kids from carry out demonstration or politic...Worst, they had a police permit to legally doing it!
Even the Higher Education Minister and Deputy Principal of UiTM joined in to stir up the matter.
Double standards plus abuse of power and floundering of the laws, what's the relevant authorities going to do on these future leaders who are definitely don't like non-Bumi Malaysian? Can these non-Bumi Malaysian seeking some sorts of justice by referring it to the United Nation? If American or the Wests are so concerned about human rights in China especially on the Tibetan; how come they turn a blind eye on these non-bumi groups in Malaysia? Again, is it also that they are double standard?
Sunday, July 27, 2008
PAS prefers new party be formed, why?
“Datuk Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat has proposed the dissolution of both PAS and Umno and the setting up of a new Islam-based political party to unite the Malays and enable Islam to be the protective umbrella for all the people, including non-Muslims.”
My understanding towards the above event is that the main aim of the new party is to make sure Islam becoming the political ideology for the peoples of all races irregardless of religions and community. Is it truer that PAS is heading for the so-called “Ketuanan Islam” or “Islam Supremacy” ideology?
How are they going to take care of the rest of the communities in terms of race, religion, and region?
Would there still be the emphasis of Bumiputra and non-Bumiputra?
If this so-called new party is materialized, then the so-called “social contract” that whoever the parties involved during the formation of Federation of Malay and
What will happen to those who do not subscribed to this new party ideology? With same token, can other race or religious-based parties be allowed to do similar setup like the PAS-UMNO merge which is going to be squarely Islam-centric?
This is like the Indian Cast System whereby people fate falls only on their skin colour or group. Ketuanan Melayu or Bumiputra / non-bumiputra partitioning policy is similarly functioning the same as the Indian Cast System which has been known to be the main culprit to Indian nation building and the Indian plight.
I really doubt that this is going to be a positive way forward for
Thursday, July 17, 2008
Dr Tan Yee Kew quits MCA
Dr Tan Yee Kew quits MCA
MCA central committee member Datin Paduka Dr Tan Yee Kew, who is believed to have been offered a post by Pakatan Rakyat, has resigned from the party.
This is an obvious warning to the central leadership of impending exodus of members in the days to come.
She cited repeated unfair treatments, intimidations, and finally lacking of confidence in the leadership as key reasons for her departure of the party she had with for almost 20 years.
It was until the very moment that she thinks MCA is beyond curable stage that she chose to move elsewhere where her service is appreciated and needed. She had been hoping that the party would wake up and change for the better after the
She is frustrated over the widening gap between the rich and the poor in the country, inequality, racial discrimination in public policies, rising corruption and abuse of power.
The grassroots are showing gross dissatisfaction of the central leaders for not able to safeguard the Chinese interests and rights under the Malaysian constitution. The Chinese leaders are regarded as “weak” when confronting the UMNO/BN leaders on issues concerning the Chinese Malaysian.
We had two members left the party since the beginning of party election in May, 2008. One Divisional Chairman from Semporna, and one heavyweight in Penampang Division. There should be more quitting coming next.
Monday, July 14, 2008
KDM & Their Dilemma
Somebody in SAPP Blog said the following thing and it irked me very much: -
"Why I say KDM is the most backward race? How many businesses or shops in
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The main reasons for their backwardness are basically follows: -
1. Never had good leaders to guide since the early years or beginning of the
2. Weak culture base.
Despite the above mentioned, what did the KDM leaders do to rectify their dilemma over the years?
It looks like, so far, nothing! Their so-called leaders were once in power for 9 years during the reign of PBS; however, despite all the powers bestowed, they simply failed to deliver and achieved any thing significant. Instead, they blame other races especially the Chinese for their problems, or the semenanjung and the PTI for their problems. The KDM will never know what are or were their problems and simply have no idea what hit them.
I really sympathies and wonder what the KDM should do to save itself?
The KDM should make a very brave decision by leaving PBS and PBRS; and solidly united under SAPP now, unless UPKO choose to be out of BN too. This is the only chance for the KDM. Forget about any of these semenanjung-based parties such as the DAP, PKR, or UMNO. They never fought for bumiputra of Sabah & Sarawak as their mindset is always “
The KDM should stop believing in the privilege status of bumiputra, it’s only a convenient tool for UMNO & Co’s to amassing wealth for their UMNOputras & accomplices; and nothing more. Sabahan bumiputras always conned and repeatedly fooled by these western “siblings” and their local representatives in
So, is that what Yong Teck Lee called the “window of opportunity” for KDM and Sabahan?
The future is with the KDM itself, as well as the other communities in
Saturday, July 12, 2008
MCA State Chairman/ 贯彻民主,从州主席开始
Great! Now you're talking!
Finally, seasoned MCA heavyweights finally admitting it as undemocratic and agreed to do something about it.
Why couldn't they see the problems in the past when they were all part of the wrong system? Is it because they all enjoying the advantages of the autocratic rule?
They are not forgivable on this matter; nevertheless, should they contest in the party election for the presidency in October, they shouldn’t forget to insert this in their manifesto.
Could it be Chua SL for the Presidency and Tan Sri Ting for the Deputy?
Tuesday, June 10, 2008
Comments for SAPP’s 14 points submitted to PM (on 7-April-2008)
Comments for SAPP’s 14 points submitted to PM (on 7-April-2008)
1. Political autonomy should be enhanced so that
Malaysia Plan projects and the civil service.
Comment: This sounds good but what assurance that you guys can bring stability to the State, I really do not have confidence in you guys. I still do not see real
2. Respect for and recognition of the State Government under the leadership of the Chief Minister of the day. At times,
Comment: This is inevitable if you don’t exercise fairness in your administration. You can do the same to the federal leaders if you are equally matured and seasoned enough. Can you stop federal not listening to your “complaints” or “bad mouth”? Respect has to be earned and not by requesting or begging.
3.
administrative (civil service) main stream and revival of the Ministry of Special Affairs for
Comment: This one is 100% agreeable but Sabah must send good & competent leaders to federal for the posts given, otherwise, it’s only make Sabah a laughing stock of the nation, and further deteriorating our status in the federation of Malaysia.
4. A non-racial approach to national unity and the empowerment of minority groups are also important in nation building to stop the polarization of racial
and religious communities in the country.
Comment: Agreed 100% but problem is not on our side. The federal has owed us an explanation why they failed to achieve true racial & national unity over the last 43 years since independence. The naivety of leaders over-emphasis on the importance of a particular race’s supremacy and virtually ignoring the feeling of minority groups is a big mistake commonly committed by federal leaders. The federal leaders must have the heart & wisdom of Great Malaysian in order to gain respect from the East Malaysian peoples. The methodology they have been deploying is not appropriate and what making it worst is the mistake in the understanding of history, background of the formation of the nation (
5. There is also a need to clarify once and for all the validity of post-NEP New Economic Policy) policies so that any affirmative action must reach the target groups, irrespective of race, that is the people truly in need of
assistance.
Comment: Mindset of federal leaders must first be changed and it’s almost impossible; in fact, they have been trying to change us through ways and means but in vain. Do you think they will accept the idea of meritocracy, in a real sense, in complete fairness without political consideration? Everything in this land has been heavily politicized so much so that it becomes too costly to live and doing business.
6. The government must embark on an immediate action plan to solve the illegal immigrant situation in
Comment: The setting up of a Royal Commission of Inquiry (ROI) is a good indication of sincerity committed by the federal. Since the issuance of MyKad and immigration matters are the responsibility of the federal government, the burden of solving this critical matter should therefore lie with the federal government. It’s all a matter of political will whether federal wants to solve the matter although the attitude of some Sabahan MPs are also very “funny”. Since our Sabahn MPs are not united on this matter, federal could therefore take its sweet time to drag on until our oil runs out.
7. The closure of the JPPS (Federal Department of Development) in
reason for JPPS's existence is long gone.
Comment: It does not matter whether it’s JPPS or SDO, so long as they carry out all the designated projects within the stipulated time frame, we should be happy for the benefits they bring to us. The only peoples not happy are those YBs who prefer to do the distribution of wealth in their own constituency instead of by the federal officers or politicians. Is this the real reasons that our local politicians shouting about having the JPPS abolished?
8. Abolition of the double taxation on oil palm in the form of cooking oil subsidies paid ever since June 2007. This taxation should be refunded to the oil palm planters concerned. On the other hand,
Comment: As long as it’s a fair win-win situation not at the risk of killing the goose, and if federal provides a good services to the people of East Malaysia in terms of good communication infrastructures such as good road systems in the east coast of Sabah, and the Sarawak-Sabah highway, and of course, the internet broadband connectivity throughout the State of Sabah; then we see the justifications of federal imposing the so-called “unfair” taxation. In other words, people will not oppose the taxation so long as they see the money is not “taken” away from them but rather seeing something in return by way of better environment for example.
9. To address the higher freight charges, exorbitant air fares, increasing costs of living, inefficient internet broad band services, electric power break downs, bureaucratic red tape and a host of other entrenched interests (BERNAS monopoly, proton car prices, newspaper prices, KLIA-spoke and wheel policy (against an open air policy), etc..) have staked up against a State like Sabah.
Comment: 100% agreed. Sabah & Sarawak oil/gas has helped the federal in meeting substantially on its yearly budget; then it’s only fair that we get the same reciprocal from federal on benefits affecting the Sabah & Sarawak residents such as those enjoying by our counterparts in Semenanjung (except those unpopular measures like toll-paying)
10. Federal negligence, the abrupt way that the Money Lenders Act 1951 (Act 400) was extended to
Comment: 100% agreed so long as this is good for the state.
11. Proposal to make legally binding (on the Federal Treasury) the compensation of loss of revenues due to
Federal Constitution (Additional Sources of Revenue Assigned to Borneo States).
This relates to import duty and excise duty on petroleum products in
Comment: 100% agreed so long as this is good for the state.
12. The Special Status of the High Courts in
Comment: 100% agreed so long as this is good for the state.
13. Proposal that Petronas money should be used to build the
because
Comment: Forget it for the time being! All you need is a good ferry service managed by good operator with more regular and reliable services. If you care about this matter, I suggest you perhaps take a trip to
14. To seek an increase of oil royalties to 20%.
Comment: 100% agreed but make sure federal set up a Hong-Kong style ICAC to guide our local leaders on proper governance. Maybe a death penalty if found guilty of corruption charge can be a deterrent to would be offenders. Also, the trial period should be as short as possible in order to have the effect of reducing the offences.
Saturday, May 24, 2008
Open Letter To Chua Soi Lek - Victim of the 3-man MCA snoop squad?
"Since my family has accepted my apology, I will continue to move on."
You shouldn't worry about your future in politic. You have been an excellent leader all this while and I could not give up the idea that you would become the President of MCA soon.
The only ones who do not accept your apology are those who are responsible for the "DVD" set up. I have been observing your movements since the scandal broke out, and I think you've been frank, straight forward, and naively honest. These are the basic elements of good leader. You had handled your case like a doctor should: amputated the "bad leg" without hesitation, applied with strong doses of medicine, and finished off clean and neat. This is the quality that current MCA leaderships are lacking. The current leaders are just not good enough to compete and work with whoever the political groups emerge in the future. The leader who is only spending time on eliminating his potential comrades is sinful, and betrayal of the trust from the grassroots.
Friday, May 23, 2008
Tun Mahatir left UMNO
Tun M's plan will not succeed this time that no one will take the risk following someone no longer has real power. Unlike before, Mahatir can easily rallied people to come to his aid at wish, not mentioning the resources from government where he could easily manipulate to his advantages. He will make himself looking like a fool at the end.
I really doubt that Tun M cares for his people (Malays), he merely makes use of his peoples to regain his family glory, fortune, and power. Maybe he's not totally not caring for his peoples, but I guess that he might be working for his family a lot more than the public.
Can Najib take over from AAB? Answer is "No" because Najib has been plaquing with the Mongolian Girl case and has been hardly able to be ambitious. Other UMNO leaders are not really able to cause any impact to AAB. That's why Tun M became impatient to the extent of quitting hoping that others in UMNO will follow suit in order to pressurise AAB to leave office.
Friday, May 9, 2008
Party Hopping - PR to BN, or Vice Versa
By the way, the political status quo should remain as it is for the sake of the nation. With 5 states and denial of BN with 2/3 majority, it is almost perfect to benefit the rakyat. PR has to show that they could run a government; as contrary to BN claim. BN has to learn being opposition whilst PR has to learn being government.
The recent call by PR for those elected to change their allegiance is unethical and harmful to the country, internally or externally.
YBs were elected on their particular platform which the voters decided to appoint, surely then, it’s only fair that they consult the people again out of ethic, and respect.
Don’t give the lame excuse that they could get away from the hopping if they crossed to the “right” party. There’s no such thing as the “right” party when it comes to party hopping, either side that you join, you’re still guilty of the sin.
An honest and sincere politician should resign their seat if losing faith in their existing platform and leaving the seat available for suitable candidate to fill. In fact, hopping by elected YB is an act of coward. Hopping in
Thursday, May 8, 2008
Metal Theft & National Security
The recent rampant cases of stealing public metallic materials that caused blackout throughout the
Imagine our telecommunication services such as telephone, internet, fax, etc. are down just for a day in Kota Kinabalu area due to one of the main cables were cut and carted away by the thief; havoc is the only word. If electrical power cables were cut too, the effect had already been experienced by the whole population recently. Next time, they might after the water pipes and more metallic items they could find available in the public. Things like the control cabinets of traffic lights, telephone exchange/substation, electricity substation transformers, etc...
One wonders why no bodies were caught since there were only a few legal metal traders around. The traders are the key to the problem. The enforcer is the other problem that seen to be unbelievable in their inability to tackle the rampages. The two, both the traders and enforcers, must have some coordination in order to export these "hot" items out of the state through the container port.
It's time that those in the trade to exercise their conscience not to accept these dubious metals that directly encourage more sabotage acts.
The authority must act fast with bold move, and seriously rid the menace once and for all. The only way is to freeze all the scrape metal trade. Why should
With or without the so-called Central Agency to deal with scrap metal business, the authority has not really look into the crux of the problem. The move to introduce the government agency merely legalized the metal theft and worsening the situation even further. It’s time that all parties concerned use their commonsense and conscience and address the issue without selfishness and greediness.
Do you love your country?
Wednesday, May 7, 2008
Politician and Education
My view is that they don't know anything about education, especially learning process.
Apart from this ridiculous thinking that have already been implementing in our society, they have been forcing our young generation in primary school to study a lot of subjects aiming to turn them into "Einstein" or professionals overnight. They believe that the young must study longer hours in order to gain more knowledge. Educating a person just don't work this way, we merely torture them to the state where they run out of breath and missing out the wisdom that passing through their brain.
They simply have no time to think or re-think all the subject that they learn from the class.
It's all the fault of the education department and its ministry master.
Blinds lead the blinds, the situation is worsen as parents are panicky due to the overwhelming workloads of the student that tution classes are mushrooming and tutors are laughing their way to the bank.
The earning from tution classes is more lucrative than earning from teaching in the class.
The quality of teachers are very poor as they don't normally picked from the best high school graduates during their entry/selection examination. They are simply the left-over of those not being picked for their first choice of subject.